TY - JOUR
T1 - Association between dietary patterns, cadmium intake and chronic kidney disease among adults
AU - Shi, Zumin
AU - Taylor, Anne W.
AU - Riley, Malcolm
AU - Byles, Julie
AU - Liu, Jianghong
AU - Noakes, Manny
N1 - Funding Information:
This research uses data from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). We thank the National Institute for Nutrition and Health, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Carolina Population Center ( P2C HD050924 , T32 HD007168 ), the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the NIH ( R01-HD30880 , DK056350 , R24 HD050924 , and R01-HD38700 ) and the NIH Fogarty International Center ( D43 TW009077 , D43 TW007709 ) for financial support for the CHNS data collection and analysis files from 1989 to 2015 and future surveys, and the China–Japan Friendship Hospital , Ministry of Health for support for CHNS 2009, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai since 2009, and Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control since 2011.
Funding Information:
This research uses data from China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS). We thank the National Institute for Nutrition and Health, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Carolina Population Center (P2C HD050924, T32 HD007168), the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the NIH (R01-HD30880, DK056350, R24 HD050924, and R01-HD38700) and the NIH Fogarty International Center (D43 TW009077, D43 TW007709) for financial support for the CHNS data collection and analysis files from 1989 to 2015 and future surveys, and the China?Japan Friendship Hospital, Ministry of Health for support for CHNS 2009, Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai since 2009, and Beijing Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control since 2011.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism
PY - 2018/2
Y1 - 2018/2
N2 - Background & aims: Almost one in ten Chinese adults has chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the link between dietary patterns, dietary cadmium intake and CKD has not been studied in China. Method: Adults (n = 8429) in the China Health and Nutrition Survey who had at least one 3-day 24 h food record in combination with household food inventory in 1991, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, and 2009 and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measured in 2009. Dietary pattern was identified using factor analysis. CKD was defined as eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 . Results: There were 641 (7.6%) cases of CKD in the sample. After adjustment for demographic, lifestyle factors (i.e. smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity) and chronic conditions, the odds ratio (OR) for CKD was 4.05 (95%CI 2.91–5.63, p for trend <0.001) for extreme quartiles of estimated cumulative cadmium intake. A traditional southern dietary pattern (high intake of rice, pork, and vegetables, and low intake of wheat) was associated with more than four times increased prevalence of CKD (comparing extreme quartiles, OR 4.56, 95%CI 3.18–6.56). A modern dietary pattern (high intake of fruit, soy milk, egg, milk and deep fried products) was inversely associated with CKD (for extreme quartiles, OR 0.5, 95%CI 0.36–0.71). The association between dietary patterns and CKD were attenuated by cadmium intake. Conclusion: Traditional southern dietary pattern is positively associated, and modern dietary pattern is inversely associated, with CKD among Chinese adults. However, these associations can be partly attributed to cadmium contamination in parts of the food supply.
AB - Background & aims: Almost one in ten Chinese adults has chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the link between dietary patterns, dietary cadmium intake and CKD has not been studied in China. Method: Adults (n = 8429) in the China Health and Nutrition Survey who had at least one 3-day 24 h food record in combination with household food inventory in 1991, 1993, 1997, 2000, 2004, 2006, and 2009 and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measured in 2009. Dietary pattern was identified using factor analysis. CKD was defined as eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 . Results: There were 641 (7.6%) cases of CKD in the sample. After adjustment for demographic, lifestyle factors (i.e. smoking, alcohol drinking, physical activity) and chronic conditions, the odds ratio (OR) for CKD was 4.05 (95%CI 2.91–5.63, p for trend <0.001) for extreme quartiles of estimated cumulative cadmium intake. A traditional southern dietary pattern (high intake of rice, pork, and vegetables, and low intake of wheat) was associated with more than four times increased prevalence of CKD (comparing extreme quartiles, OR 4.56, 95%CI 3.18–6.56). A modern dietary pattern (high intake of fruit, soy milk, egg, milk and deep fried products) was inversely associated with CKD (for extreme quartiles, OR 0.5, 95%CI 0.36–0.71). The association between dietary patterns and CKD were attenuated by cadmium intake. Conclusion: Traditional southern dietary pattern is positively associated, and modern dietary pattern is inversely associated, with CKD among Chinese adults. However, these associations can be partly attributed to cadmium contamination in parts of the food supply.
KW - Cadmium intake
KW - Chronic kidney disease
KW - Dietary pattern
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85009738437&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.12.025
DO - 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.12.025
M3 - Article
C2 - 28094058
AN - SCOPUS:85009738437
SN - 0261-5614
VL - 37
SP - 276
EP - 284
JO - Clinical Nutrition
JF - Clinical Nutrition
IS - 1
ER -