Bioinformatic discovery and initial characterisation of nine novel antimicrobial peptide genes in the chicken

David J. Lynn; Rowan Higgs; Susan Gaines; Joanna Tierney; Tharappel James; Andrew T. Lloyd; Mario A. Fares; Grace Mulcahy; Cliona O'Farrelly

doi:10.1007/s00251-004-0675-0

Bioinformatic discovery and initial characterisation of nine novel antimicrobial peptide genes in the chicken

David J. Lynn, Rowan Higgs, Susan Gaines, Joanna Tierney, Tharappel James, Andrew T. Lloyd, Mario A. Fares, Grace Mulcahy, Cliona O'Farrelly

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

200 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential components of innate immunity in a range of species fromDrosophila to humans and are generally thought to act by disrupting the membrane integrity of microbes. In order to discover novel AMPs in the chicken, we have implemented a bioinformatic approach that involves the clustering of more than 420,000 chicken expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Similarity searching of proteins - predicted to be encoded by these EST clusters - for homology to known AMPs has resulted in the in silico identification of full-length sequences for seven novel gallinacins (Gal-4 to Gal-10), a novel cathelicidin and a novel liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) in the chicken. Differential gene expression of these novel genes has been demonstrated across a panel of chicken tissues. An evolutionary analysis of the gallinacin family has detected sites - primarily in the mature AMP - that are under positive selection in these molecules. The functional implications of these results are discussed.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	170-177
Number of pages	8
Journal	Immunogenetics
Volume	56
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-004-0675-0
Publication status	Published or Issued - Jun 2004
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Antimicrobial peptide
Chicken
Defensins
Innate immune system

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Immunology
Genetics

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10.1007/s00251-004-0675-0

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title = "Bioinformatic discovery and initial characterisation of nine novel antimicrobial peptide genes in the chicken",

abstract = "Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential components of innate immunity in a range of species fromDrosophila to humans and are generally thought to act by disrupting the membrane integrity of microbes. In order to discover novel AMPs in the chicken, we have implemented a bioinformatic approach that involves the clustering of more than 420,000 chicken expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Similarity searching of proteins - predicted to be encoded by these EST clusters - for homology to known AMPs has resulted in the in silico identification of full-length sequences for seven novel gallinacins (Gal-4 to Gal-10), a novel cathelicidin and a novel liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) in the chicken. Differential gene expression of these novel genes has been demonstrated across a panel of chicken tissues. An evolutionary analysis of the gallinacin family has detected sites - primarily in the mature AMP - that are under positive selection in these molecules. The functional implications of these results are discussed.",

keywords = "Antimicrobial peptide, Chicken, Defensins, Innate immune system",

author = "Lynn, {David J.} and Rowan Higgs and Susan Gaines and Joanna Tierney and Tharappel James and Lloyd, {Andrew T.} and Fares, {Mario A.} and Grace Mulcahy and Cliona O'Farrelly",

note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgements This research was supported by the Food Institutional Research Measure grant no. 01/R&D/D/135 from the Irish Department of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. All experiments described in this manuscript comply with the current laws of the Republic of Ireland. Authors David Lynn and Rowan Higgs contributed equally to this work.",

year = "2004",

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doi = "10.1007/s00251-004-0675-0",

language = "English",

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AU - Higgs, Rowan

AU - Gaines, Susan

AU - Tierney, Joanna

AU - James, Tharappel

AU - Lloyd, Andrew T.

AU - Fares, Mario A.

AU - Mulcahy, Grace

AU - O'Farrelly, Cliona

N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgements This research was supported by the Food Institutional Research Measure grant no. 01/R&D/D/135 from the Irish Department of Agriculture, Food and Rural Development. All experiments described in this manuscript comply with the current laws of the Republic of Ireland. Authors David Lynn and Rowan Higgs contributed equally to this work.

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N2 - Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential components of innate immunity in a range of species fromDrosophila to humans and are generally thought to act by disrupting the membrane integrity of microbes. In order to discover novel AMPs in the chicken, we have implemented a bioinformatic approach that involves the clustering of more than 420,000 chicken expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Similarity searching of proteins - predicted to be encoded by these EST clusters - for homology to known AMPs has resulted in the in silico identification of full-length sequences for seven novel gallinacins (Gal-4 to Gal-10), a novel cathelicidin and a novel liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) in the chicken. Differential gene expression of these novel genes has been demonstrated across a panel of chicken tissues. An evolutionary analysis of the gallinacin family has detected sites - primarily in the mature AMP - that are under positive selection in these molecules. The functional implications of these results are discussed.

AB - Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential components of innate immunity in a range of species fromDrosophila to humans and are generally thought to act by disrupting the membrane integrity of microbes. In order to discover novel AMPs in the chicken, we have implemented a bioinformatic approach that involves the clustering of more than 420,000 chicken expressed sequence tags (ESTs). Similarity searching of proteins - predicted to be encoded by these EST clusters - for homology to known AMPs has resulted in the in silico identification of full-length sequences for seven novel gallinacins (Gal-4 to Gal-10), a novel cathelicidin and a novel liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) in the chicken. Differential gene expression of these novel genes has been demonstrated across a panel of chicken tissues. An evolutionary analysis of the gallinacin family has detected sites - primarily in the mature AMP - that are under positive selection in these molecules. The functional implications of these results are discussed.

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Bioinformatic discovery and initial characterisation of nine novel antimicrobial peptide genes in the chicken

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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