TY - JOUR
T1 - Death following creatine kinase-MB elevation after coronary intervention
T2 - Identification of an early risk period: Importance of creatine kinase-MB level, completeness of revascularization, ventricular function, and probable benefit of statin therapy
AU - Ellis, Stephen G.
AU - Chew, Derek
AU - Chan, Albert
AU - Whitlow, Patrick L.
AU - Schneider, Jakob P.
AU - Topol, Eric J.
PY - 2002/9/3
Y1 - 2002/9/3
N2 - Background - Creatine kinase (CK)-MB elevation after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been associated with subsequent cardiac death. The patients at risk, the timing of risk, and potential treatment implications are uncertain. Methods and Results - Eight thousand, four hundred nine consecutive non-acute myocardial infarction patients with successful PCI and no emergency surgery or Q-wave myocardial infarction were followed for 38±25 months; 1446 (17.2%) had post-PCI CK-MB above normal on routine ascertainment. Patients were prospectively stratified into those with CK-MB 1 to 5x or CK-MB >5x normal. No patient with CK-MB 1 to 5x normal died during the first week after PCI, and excess risk of early death for patients with CK-MB elevation occurred primarily in the first 3 to 4 months. The actuarial 4-month risk of death was 8.9%, 1.9%, and 1.2% for patients with CK-MB >5x, CK-MB 1 to 5x, and CK-MB ≤1x normal (P<0.001). Death within 4 months was independently correlated with the degree of CK-MB elevation, creatinine ≥2 mg%, post-PCI C-reactive protein, low ejection fraction, age, and congestive heart failure class (P<0.01 for all). In a matched subset analysis, incomplete revascularization (P<0.001), congestive heart failure class (P=0.005), and no statin treatment at hospital discharge (P=0.009) were associated with death. Conclusions - Patients with CK-MB elevation after PCI are at excess risk of death for 3 to 4 months, although prolonging hospitalization for CK-MB 1 to 5x is unlikely to modify risk. CK-MB >5x normal, incomplete revascularization, elevated C-reactive protein, heart failure, the elderly, and hospital discharge without on statin therapy increases risk. Several of these factors suggest that inflammation may play a part in the excess risk of death.
AB - Background - Creatine kinase (CK)-MB elevation after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been associated with subsequent cardiac death. The patients at risk, the timing of risk, and potential treatment implications are uncertain. Methods and Results - Eight thousand, four hundred nine consecutive non-acute myocardial infarction patients with successful PCI and no emergency surgery or Q-wave myocardial infarction were followed for 38±25 months; 1446 (17.2%) had post-PCI CK-MB above normal on routine ascertainment. Patients were prospectively stratified into those with CK-MB 1 to 5x or CK-MB >5x normal. No patient with CK-MB 1 to 5x normal died during the first week after PCI, and excess risk of early death for patients with CK-MB elevation occurred primarily in the first 3 to 4 months. The actuarial 4-month risk of death was 8.9%, 1.9%, and 1.2% for patients with CK-MB >5x, CK-MB 1 to 5x, and CK-MB ≤1x normal (P<0.001). Death within 4 months was independently correlated with the degree of CK-MB elevation, creatinine ≥2 mg%, post-PCI C-reactive protein, low ejection fraction, age, and congestive heart failure class (P<0.01 for all). In a matched subset analysis, incomplete revascularization (P<0.001), congestive heart failure class (P=0.005), and no statin treatment at hospital discharge (P=0.009) were associated with death. Conclusions - Patients with CK-MB elevation after PCI are at excess risk of death for 3 to 4 months, although prolonging hospitalization for CK-MB 1 to 5x is unlikely to modify risk. CK-MB >5x normal, incomplete revascularization, elevated C-reactive protein, heart failure, the elderly, and hospital discharge without on statin therapy increases risk. Several of these factors suggest that inflammation may play a part in the excess risk of death.
KW - Angioplasty
KW - Myocardial infarction
KW - Proteins
UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/0037015263
U2 - 10.1161/01.CIR.0000028146.71416.2E
DO - 10.1161/01.CIR.0000028146.71416.2E
M3 - Article
C2 - 12208794
AN - SCOPUS:0037015263
SN - 0009-7322
VL - 106
SP - 1205
EP - 1210
JO - Circulation
JF - Circulation
IS - 10
ER -