Determinants of the microbiological characteristics of spa pools in South Australia

Adrian Esterman; Ian Calder; Scott Cameron; David Roder; Reginald Walters; Peter Christy; Bret Robinson

doi:10.1016/0043-1354(87)90175-8

Determinants of the microbiological characteristics of spa pools in South Australia

Adrian Esterman, Ian Calder, Scott Cameron, David Roder, Reginald Walters, Peter Christy, Bret Robinson

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The microbiological quality of 49 South Australian spa pools was assessed, using as criteria the presence or absence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the colony count, and the presence or absence of amoebae. Chlorine was the disinfectant most frequently used (with or without cyanuric acid), followed by bromine. The microbiological quality of water samples did not vary by disinfectant mode, except for samples from pools using cyanuric acid which gave poorer results for amoebae. Where chlorine alone is used for disinfection, results indicate that a free chlorine residual of at least 4 mg 1^-1 is necessary to be 95% sure of acceptable microbiological quality.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1231-1235
Number of pages	5
Journal	Water Research
Volume	21
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/0043-1354(87)90175-8
Publication status	Published or Issued - Oct 1987
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

South Australia
case control
disinfection
logistic regression
microbiology
spa pools
water quality

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Water Science and Technology
Ecological Modelling
Pollution
Waste Management and Disposal
Environmental Engineering
Civil and Structural Engineering

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Cite this

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title = "Determinants of the microbiological characteristics of spa pools in South Australia",

abstract = "The microbiological quality of 49 South Australian spa pools was assessed, using as criteria the presence or absence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the colony count, and the presence or absence of amoebae. Chlorine was the disinfectant most frequently used (with or without cyanuric acid), followed by bromine. The microbiological quality of water samples did not vary by disinfectant mode, except for samples from pools using cyanuric acid which gave poorer results for amoebae. Where chlorine alone is used for disinfection, results indicate that a free chlorine residual of at least 4 mg 1-1 is necessary to be 95% sure of acceptable microbiological quality.",

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author = "Adrian Esterman and Ian Calder and Scott Cameron and David Roder and Reginald Walters and Peter Christy and Bret Robinson",

year = "1987",

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T1 - Determinants of the microbiological characteristics of spa pools in South Australia

AU - Esterman, Adrian

AU - Calder, Ian

AU - Cameron, Scott

AU - Roder, David

AU - Walters, Reginald

AU - Christy, Peter

AU - Robinson, Bret

PY - 1987/10

Y1 - 1987/10

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AB - The microbiological quality of 49 South Australian spa pools was assessed, using as criteria the presence or absence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the colony count, and the presence or absence of amoebae. Chlorine was the disinfectant most frequently used (with or without cyanuric acid), followed by bromine. The microbiological quality of water samples did not vary by disinfectant mode, except for samples from pools using cyanuric acid which gave poorer results for amoebae. Where chlorine alone is used for disinfection, results indicate that a free chlorine residual of at least 4 mg 1-1 is necessary to be 95% sure of acceptable microbiological quality.

KW - South Australia

KW - case control

KW - disinfection

KW - logistic regression

KW - microbiology

KW - spa pools

KW - water quality

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DO - 10.1016/0043-1354(87)90175-8

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SN - 0043-1354

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SP - 1231

EP - 1235

JO - Water Research

JF - Water Research

IS - 10

ER -

Determinants of the microbiological characteristics of spa pools in South Australia

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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