Hospitalisation for lower respiratory viral infections in older people in residential aged care facilities

Objective: To quantify incidence, trends and outcomes associated with lower respiratory viral infection (LRVI) hospitalisations in Australian residential aged care facilities (RACFs). Methods: A population-based cohort study of residents in RACFs aged ≥65 years from New South Wales (NSW), South Australia (SA) and Victoria (VIC) using data from the Registry of Senior Australians (2013-2016) was conducted. Age- and sex-standardised monthly and yearly LRVI hospitalisation incidences were calculated, and time trends and risk factors were assessed. Results: Of 268 657 residents included over the study period, 12% had ≥1 LRVI hospitalisation. Average annual incidence/1000 residents was 7.1 [6.9-7.2] in 2013, increasing to 7.8 [7.7-8.1] in 2016. Males, increasing co-morbidity, presence of CHF, respiratory disease and hypertension had a higher incidence of LRVI hospitalisation. In-hospital mortality was 14%. Within 30 days following discharge, 15% died and 8% were readmitted. Conclusions: Prior to COVID-19, incidence of hospitalisation for LRVI in Australia's residential aged care population was increasing and was associated with significant morbidity and mortality.