TY - JOUR
T1 - In Vitro, in Vivo, and Spectroscopic Assessment of Lead Exposure Reduction via Ingestion and Inhalation Pathways Using Phosphate and Iron Amendments
AU - Kastury, Farzana
AU - Smith, Euan
AU - Doelsch, Emmanuel
AU - Lombi, Enzo
AU - Donnelley, Martin
AU - Cmielewski, Patricia L.
AU - Parsons, David W.
AU - Scheckel, Kirk G.
AU - Paterson, David
AU - De Jonge, Martin D.
AU - Herde, Carina
AU - Juhasz, Albert L.
N1 - Funding Information:
F.K. acknowledges the Commonwealth Government of Australia, Research Training program scholarship (RTPd), University of South Australia, for the VC and President’s Scholarship and the MF & MH Joyner Scholarship in Science. Funding for aspects of the project was provided by the Women’s and Children’s Hospital Foundation. E. Doelsch has received funding from European Unions’ Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skodowska-Curie agreement N795614. The X-ray fluorescence microscopy research (proposal AS181/XFM/13096) was undertaken on the X-ray Fluorescence Microscopy beamline at the Australian Synchrotron, part of ANSTO. This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2019/7/29
Y1 - 2019/7/29
N2 - This study compared lead (Pb) immobilization efficacies in mining/smelting impacted soil using phosphate and iron amendments via ingestion and inhalation pathways using in vitro and in vivo assays, in conjunction with investigating the dynamics of dust particles in the lungs and gastro-intestinal tract via X-ray fluorescence (XRF) microscopy. Phosphate amendments [phosphoric acid (PA), hydroxyapatite, monoammonium phosphate (MAP), triple super phosphate (TSP), and bone meal biochar] and hematite were applied at a molar ratio of Pb:Fe/P = 1:5. Pb phosphate formation was investigated in the soil/post-in vitro bioaccessibility (IVBA) residuals and in mouse lung via extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and X-ray absorption near edge structures (XANES) spectroscopy, respectively. EXAFS analysis revealed that anglesite was the dominant phase in the ingestible (<250 μm) and inhalable (<10 μm) particle fractions. Pb IVBA was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) by phosphate amendments in the <250 μm fraction (solubility bioaccessibility research consortium assay) and by PA, MAP, and TSP in the <10 μm fraction (inhalation-ingestion bioaccessibility assay). A 21.1% reduction in Pb RBA (<250 μm fraction) and 56.4% reduction in blood Pb concentration (<10 μm fraction) were observed via the ingestion and inhalation pathways, respectively. XRF microscopy detected Pb in the stomach within 4 h, presumably via mucociliary clearance.
AB - This study compared lead (Pb) immobilization efficacies in mining/smelting impacted soil using phosphate and iron amendments via ingestion and inhalation pathways using in vitro and in vivo assays, in conjunction with investigating the dynamics of dust particles in the lungs and gastro-intestinal tract via X-ray fluorescence (XRF) microscopy. Phosphate amendments [phosphoric acid (PA), hydroxyapatite, monoammonium phosphate (MAP), triple super phosphate (TSP), and bone meal biochar] and hematite were applied at a molar ratio of Pb:Fe/P = 1:5. Pb phosphate formation was investigated in the soil/post-in vitro bioaccessibility (IVBA) residuals and in mouse lung via extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) and X-ray absorption near edge structures (XANES) spectroscopy, respectively. EXAFS analysis revealed that anglesite was the dominant phase in the ingestible (<250 μm) and inhalable (<10 μm) particle fractions. Pb IVBA was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) by phosphate amendments in the <250 μm fraction (solubility bioaccessibility research consortium assay) and by PA, MAP, and TSP in the <10 μm fraction (inhalation-ingestion bioaccessibility assay). A 21.1% reduction in Pb RBA (<250 μm fraction) and 56.4% reduction in blood Pb concentration (<10 μm fraction) were observed via the ingestion and inhalation pathways, respectively. XRF microscopy detected Pb in the stomach within 4 h, presumably via mucociliary clearance.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85071394510&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/acs.est.9b02448
DO - 10.1021/acs.est.9b02448
M3 - Article
C2 - 31356748
AN - SCOPUS:85071394510
SN - 0013-936X
JO - Environmental Science and Technology
JF - Environmental Science and Technology
ER -