Leanness and type 2 diabetes in a population of indigenous Australians

Julie Brimblecombe; Dorothy Mackerras; Joanne Garnggulkpuy; Elaine Maypilama; Leanne Bundhala; Rrapa Dhurrkay; Joseph Fitz; Louise Maple-Brown; Tomer Shemesh; Kevin G. Rowley; Kerin O'Dea

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2005.09.014

Leanness and type 2 diabetes in a population of indigenous Australians

Julie Brimblecombe, Dorothy Mackerras, Joanne Garnggulkpuy, Elaine Maypilama, Leanne Bundhala, Rrapa Dhurrkay, Joseph Fitz, Louise Maple-Brown, Tomer Shemesh, Kevin G. Rowley, Kerin O'Dea

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

21 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and its risk factors in a population of indigenous Australians. Research design and methods: A cross-sectional study of 332 indigenous community residents aged 15 years and over with fasting blood samples and anthropometric measurements. Results: Almost half of the study population (47.3%) was extremely lean (BMI < 22 kg/m ²). Leanness was particularly pronounced in the youngest age group (15 < 20 years), 78% of which had a BMI < 22 kg/m². The prevalence of diabetes was 12%. It was highest in those 45-54 years and declined in older aged people. No cases of diabetes were detected in those aged less than 30 years. Diabetes prevalence was strongly linked to BMI and age (age-adjusted odds ratio = 24.1, 95% CI 6.0-96.5, p < 0.001) for BMI ≥ 25 kg/m² versus BMI < 22 kg/m². Those with the lowest diabetes risk profile are lean (BMI < 22 kg/m²) and/or young (age 15-34 years). Conclusions: These results highlight that strategies to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes should focus on the maintenance of leanness from adolescence and throughout adult life whilst young people are still in the process of forming lifelong habits.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	93-99
Number of pages	7
Journal	Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
Volume	72
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2005.09.014
Publication status	Published or Issued - Apr 2006
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Aboriginal
Community intervention
Insulin resistance
Obesity
Type 2 diabetes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Internal Medicine
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Endocrinology

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10.1016/j.diabres.2005.09.014

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title = "Leanness and type 2 diabetes in a population of indigenous Australians",

abstract = "Objective: To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and its risk factors in a population of indigenous Australians. Research design and methods: A cross-sectional study of 332 indigenous community residents aged 15 years and over with fasting blood samples and anthropometric measurements. Results: Almost half of the study population (47.3%) was extremely lean (BMI < 22 kg/m 2). Leanness was particularly pronounced in the youngest age group (15 < 20 years), 78% of which had a BMI < 22 kg/m2. The prevalence of diabetes was 12%. It was highest in those 45-54 years and declined in older aged people. No cases of diabetes were detected in those aged less than 30 years. Diabetes prevalence was strongly linked to BMI and age (age-adjusted odds ratio = 24.1, 95% CI 6.0-96.5, p < 0.001) for BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 versus BMI < 22 kg/m2. Those with the lowest diabetes risk profile are lean (BMI < 22 kg/m2) and/or young (age 15-34 years). Conclusions: These results highlight that strategies to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes should focus on the maintenance of leanness from adolescence and throughout adult life whilst young people are still in the process of forming lifelong habits.",

keywords = "Aboriginal, Community intervention, Insulin resistance, Obesity, Type 2 diabetes",

author = "Julie Brimblecombe and Dorothy Mackerras and Joanne Garnggulkpuy and Elaine Maypilama and Leanne Bundhala and Rrapa Dhurrkay and Joseph Fitz and Louise Maple-Brown and Tomer Shemesh and Rowley, {Kevin G.} and Kerin O'Dea",

note = "Funding Information: Many people have contributed invaluably to this study: Community members and community based researchers: Steven Djati Yunupingu (dec) and Heather Ganilawur; Galiwin{\textquoteright}ku Community Council, Charlie Yunupingu, Alfred Wunbaya, Mike Newton (dec); Ngalkanbuy Health Service: Cherryl Wirtanen, Joan Djamalaka, Cameron Main and Andrew Knight; the diabetes screening planning committee: Keith Djiniyini, Ian Gumbula, Dorothy Wanamula, Stephanie Yikaniwuy and Litia Vuqa; Menzies School of Health Research: Geoffrey Angeles, Susan Hutton, Zhiqiang Wang and Stephen Halpin; Shepherdson College and the Bible Translation Centre. The Yalumarnggithinyaraw Centre, Dorothy Yungirringa and Dorothy Bepuka and Yalu clan management committee facilitated this study and continue to share the findings of this study with their families, community members and other communities in North East Arnhem region of the NT. This work was funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (#124319). ",

year = "2006",

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doi = "10.1016/j.diabres.2005.09.014",

language = "English",

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pages = "93--99",

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AU - Brimblecombe, Julie

AU - Mackerras, Dorothy

AU - Garnggulkpuy, Joanne

AU - Maypilama, Elaine

AU - Bundhala, Leanne

AU - Dhurrkay, Rrapa

AU - Fitz, Joseph

AU - Maple-Brown, Louise

AU - Shemesh, Tomer

AU - Rowley, Kevin G.

AU - O'Dea, Kerin

N1 - Funding Information: Many people have contributed invaluably to this study: Community members and community based researchers: Steven Djati Yunupingu (dec) and Heather Ganilawur; Galiwin’ku Community Council, Charlie Yunupingu, Alfred Wunbaya, Mike Newton (dec); Ngalkanbuy Health Service: Cherryl Wirtanen, Joan Djamalaka, Cameron Main and Andrew Knight; the diabetes screening planning committee: Keith Djiniyini, Ian Gumbula, Dorothy Wanamula, Stephanie Yikaniwuy and Litia Vuqa; Menzies School of Health Research: Geoffrey Angeles, Susan Hutton, Zhiqiang Wang and Stephen Halpin; Shepherdson College and the Bible Translation Centre. The Yalumarnggithinyaraw Centre, Dorothy Yungirringa and Dorothy Bepuka and Yalu clan management committee facilitated this study and continue to share the findings of this study with their families, community members and other communities in North East Arnhem region of the NT. This work was funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia (#124319).

PY - 2006/4

Y1 - 2006/4

N2 - Objective: To determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and its risk factors in a population of indigenous Australians. Research design and methods: A cross-sectional study of 332 indigenous community residents aged 15 years and over with fasting blood samples and anthropometric measurements. Results: Almost half of the study population (47.3%) was extremely lean (BMI < 22 kg/m 2). Leanness was particularly pronounced in the youngest age group (15 < 20 years), 78% of which had a BMI < 22 kg/m2. The prevalence of diabetes was 12%. It was highest in those 45-54 years and declined in older aged people. No cases of diabetes were detected in those aged less than 30 years. Diabetes prevalence was strongly linked to BMI and age (age-adjusted odds ratio = 24.1, 95% CI 6.0-96.5, p < 0.001) for BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 versus BMI < 22 kg/m2. Those with the lowest diabetes risk profile are lean (BMI < 22 kg/m2) and/or young (age 15-34 years). Conclusions: These results highlight that strategies to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes should focus on the maintenance of leanness from adolescence and throughout adult life whilst young people are still in the process of forming lifelong habits.

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Leanness and type 2 diabetes in a population of indigenous Australians

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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