Maternal dietary patterns and gestational diabetes mellitus in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort: The GUSTO study

Jamie de Seymour, Airu Chia, Marjorelee Colega, Beatrix Jones, Elizabeth McKenzie, Cai Shirong, Keith Godfrey, Kenneth Kwek, Seang Mei Saw, Cathryn Conlon, Yap Seng Chong, Philip Baker, Mary F.F. Chong

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

52 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is associated with an increased risk of perinatal morbidity and long term health issues for both the mother and offspring. Previous research has demonstrated associations between maternal diet and GDM development, but evidence in Asian populations is limited. The objective of our study was to examine the cross-sectional relationship between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and the risk of GDM in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort. Maternal diet was ascertained using 24-h dietary recalls from participants in the Growing up in Singapore towards healthy outcomes (GUSTO) study—a prospective mother-offspring cohort, and GDM was diagnosed according to 1999 World Health Organisation guidelines. Dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis, and multivariate regression analyses performed to assess the association with GDM. Of 909 participants, 17.6% were diagnosed with GDM. Three dietary patterns were identified: a vegetable-fruit-rice-based-diet, a seafood-noodle-based-diet and a pasta-cheese-processed-meat-diet. After adjusting for confounding variables, the seafood-noodle-based-diet was associated with a lower likelihood of GDM (Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)) = 0.74 (0.59, 0.93). The dietary pattern found to be associated with GDM in our study was substantially different to those reported previously in Western populations.

Original languageEnglish
Article number574
JournalNutrients
Volume8
Issue number9
DOIs
Publication statusPublished or Issued - 20 Sept 2016
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Asia
  • Dietary patterns
  • Gestational diabetes
  • Maternal nutrition
  • Pregnancy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Food Science
  • Nutrition and Dietetics

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