@article{69f183c4231c4b9d91b0c1171f8b57f6,
title = "The gut microbiome modulates the protective association between a Mediterranean diet and cardiometabolic disease risk",
abstract = "To address how the microbiome might modify the interaction between diet and cardiometabolic health, we analyzed longitudinal microbiome data from 307 male participants in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study, together with long-term dietary information and measurements of biomarkers of glucose homeostasis, lipid metabolism and inflammation from blood samples. Here, we demonstrate that a healthy Mediterranean-style dietary pattern is associated with specific functional and taxonomic components of the gut microbiome, and that its protective associations with cardiometabolic health vary depending on microbial composition. In particular, the protective association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and cardiometabolic disease risk was significantly stronger among participants with decreased abundance of Prevotella copri. Our findings advance the concept of precision nutrition and have the potential to inform more effective and precise dietary approaches for the prevention of cardiometabolic disease mediated through alterations in the gut microbiome.",
author = "Wang, {Dong D.} and Nguyen, {Long H.} and Yanping Li and Yan Yan and Wenjie Ma and Ehud Rinott and Ivey, {Kerry L.} and Iris Shai and Willett, {Walter C.} and Hu, {Frank B.} and Rimm, {Eric B.} and Stampfer, {Meir J.} and Chan, {Andrew T.} and Curtis Huttenhower",
note = "Funding Information: C.H. is a scientific advisor for Seres Therapeutics, Empress Therapeutics and ZOE Nutrition. Y.L. has received research support from the California Walnut Commission and SwissRe Management Ltd. The other authors declare no competing interests. Funding Information: This work was supported by R00DK119412 (D.D.W.), R01HL060712 (F.B.H.), P30DK046200 (F.B.H.), R01CA202704 (A.T.C. and C.H.), K24DK098311 (A.T.C.) and U54DE023798 (C.H.) from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), STARR Cancer Consortium award no. #I7-A714 to C.H., and a Pilot and Feasibility award to D.D.W. from the Boston Nutrition and Obesity Research Center funded by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK046200). The Men{\textquoteright}s Lifestyle Validation Study was supported by U01CA152904 from the National Cancer Institute. The Health Professionals Follow-Up Study is supported by research grants nos. U01CA167552 and R01HL035464 from the NIH. The funding source had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis and interpretation of the data; preparation, review or approval of the manuscript the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. We are indebted to the participants in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study for their continuing outstanding level of cooperation and to the staff of the Health Professionals Follow-up Study for their valuable contributions. The authors assume full responsibility for analyses and interpretation of these data. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature America, Inc.",
year = "2021",
month = feb,
doi = "10.1038/s41591-020-01223-3",
language = "English",
volume = "27",
pages = "333--343",
journal = "Nature Medicine",
issn = "1078-8956",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "2",
}