TY - JOUR
T1 - Time-of-day mediates the influences of extended wake and sleep restriction on simulated driving
AU - Matthews, Raymond W.
AU - Ferguson, Sally A.
AU - Zhou, Xuan
AU - Sargent, Charli
AU - Darwent, David
AU - Kennaway, David J.
AU - Roach, Gregory D.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the Australian Research Council, the provision of the York Driving Simulator through the collaborations of Prof. Kathryn Reid, Dr. Stuart Baulk, and Dr. Cameron van den Heuvel, and finally the significant contributions of co-PhD students: Xuan Zhou, Gemma Paech, Louise Williams, and Georgina Heath.
PY - 2012/6
Y1 - 2012/6
N2 - Although a nonlinear time-of-day and prior wake interaction on performance has been well documented, two recent studies have aimed to incorporate the influences of sleep restriction into this paradigm. Through the use of sleep-restricted forced desynchrony protocols, both studies reported a time-of-day×sleep restriction interaction, as well as a time-of-day×prior wake×sleep dose three-way interaction. The current study aimed to investigate these interactions on simulated driving performance, a more complex task with ecological validity for the problem of fatigued driving. The driving performance of 41 male participants (mean±SD: 22.8 ±2.2 yrs) was assessed on a 10-min simulated driving task with the standard deviation of lateral position (SDLAT) measured. Using a between-group design, participants were subjected to either a control condition of 9.33h of sleep18.66h of wake, a moderate sleep-restriction (SR) condition of 7h of sleep21h of wake, or a severe SR condition of 4.66h of sleep23.33h of wake. In each condition, participants were tested at 2.5-h intervals after waking across 7×28-h d of forced desynchrony. Driving sessions occurred at nine doses of prior wake, within six divisions of the circadian cycle based on core body temperature (CBT). Mixed-models analyses of variance (ANOVAs) revealed significant main effects of time-of-day, prior wake, sleep debt, and sleep dose on SDLAT. Additionally, significant two-way interactions of time-of- day×prior wake and time-of-day×sleep debt, as well as significant three-way interactions of time-of-day×prior wake×sleep debt and time-of-day×sleep debt×sleep dose were observed. Although limitations such as the presence of practice effects and large standard errors are noted, the study concludes with three findings. The main effects demonstrate that extending wake, reducing sleep, and driving at poor times of day all significantly impair driving performance at an individual level. In addition to this, combining either extended wake or a sleep debt with the early morning hours greatly decreases driving performance. Finally, operating under the influence of a reduced sleep dose can greatly decrease performance at all times of the day. (Author correspondence: raymond.matthews@unisa.edu.au)
AB - Although a nonlinear time-of-day and prior wake interaction on performance has been well documented, two recent studies have aimed to incorporate the influences of sleep restriction into this paradigm. Through the use of sleep-restricted forced desynchrony protocols, both studies reported a time-of-day×sleep restriction interaction, as well as a time-of-day×prior wake×sleep dose three-way interaction. The current study aimed to investigate these interactions on simulated driving performance, a more complex task with ecological validity for the problem of fatigued driving. The driving performance of 41 male participants (mean±SD: 22.8 ±2.2 yrs) was assessed on a 10-min simulated driving task with the standard deviation of lateral position (SDLAT) measured. Using a between-group design, participants were subjected to either a control condition of 9.33h of sleep18.66h of wake, a moderate sleep-restriction (SR) condition of 7h of sleep21h of wake, or a severe SR condition of 4.66h of sleep23.33h of wake. In each condition, participants were tested at 2.5-h intervals after waking across 7×28-h d of forced desynchrony. Driving sessions occurred at nine doses of prior wake, within six divisions of the circadian cycle based on core body temperature (CBT). Mixed-models analyses of variance (ANOVAs) revealed significant main effects of time-of-day, prior wake, sleep debt, and sleep dose on SDLAT. Additionally, significant two-way interactions of time-of- day×prior wake and time-of-day×sleep debt, as well as significant three-way interactions of time-of-day×prior wake×sleep debt and time-of-day×sleep debt×sleep dose were observed. Although limitations such as the presence of practice effects and large standard errors are noted, the study concludes with three findings. The main effects demonstrate that extending wake, reducing sleep, and driving at poor times of day all significantly impair driving performance at an individual level. In addition to this, combining either extended wake or a sleep debt with the early morning hours greatly decreases driving performance. Finally, operating under the influence of a reduced sleep dose can greatly decrease performance at all times of the day. (Author correspondence: raymond.matthews@unisa.edu.au)
KW - Circadian rhythm
KW - Driving performance
KW - Forced desynchrony
KW - Prior wake
KW - Sleep debt
KW - Sleep dose
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84861388282&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3109/07420528.2012.675845
DO - 10.3109/07420528.2012.675845
M3 - Article
C2 - 22621353
AN - SCOPUS:84861388282
VL - 29
SP - 572
EP - 579
JO - Chronobiology International
JF - Chronobiology International
SN - 0742-0528
IS - 5
ER -